GENERAL PROCEDURES:

Equipment:

RNAV is required for IFR flights above FL95. If you are not RNAV equipped, advise ATC and he will provide you with alternative instructions.

RVSM is required for IFR flights in EURVSM airspace (between FL290 and FL400). If you are not RVSM approved, advise ATC and he will provide you with alternative instructions. Generaly odd levels are used for directions between 000 and 179 degrees, even levels between 180 and 359 degrees, but some airways are oposit direction (expect clearance from ATC).

Units:

• Distance: Nautical miles
• Altitude: Feet
• Speed: Knots
• Vertical speed: Feet per minute
• Altimeter: Hectopascals
• Temperature: Degrees celsius
• Visibility/short distances: Meters
• Weight: Kilograms/metric tonnes

ENROUTE PROCEDURES:

Airspace:

Airspace clasification:

• class "C" - TMA Praha + airspace above FL095 to FL660 outside TMAs
• class "D" - all CTRs/TMAs except TMA Praha
• class "E" - airspace outside CTRs/TMAs above 1000ft AGL to FL95
• class "G" - airspace outside CTRs from GND to 1000ft AGL

VMC minimas:

• class "C" and "D" at and above FL100 - visibility 8km, 1500m horizontal and 1000ft vertical distance from clouds
• class "C", "D" and "E" below FL100 - visibility 5km, 1500m horizontal and 1000ft vertical distance from clouds
• class "G" - visibility 1500m, clear of clouds

Speed restrictions:

• class "C" - IFR - no restriction, VFR - 250kts below FL100
• class "D" - all traffic - 250kts below FL100
• class "E" - all traffic - 250kts below FL100
• class "G" - all traffic - ratio betwen IAS (in km/h) and visibility (in km) has to be less than 100 (example: You can fly maximum 180km/h (100 kts) if visibility is 1800m)
• special restrictions:
  • all arriving traffic should fly maximum 210kts when passing IAFs
  • all departing traffic should fly maximum 186kts until crossing 4000ft

Radar services:

Minimum radar separation is 5NM, LKPR_APP/DEP and LKTB_APP has minimum radar separation 3NM in 32NM circle around OKL or BNO.

Pilots automatically omit position reporting, if they recieve phrase "RADAR CONTACT". Phrase "RADAR SERVICE TERMINATED" is not used.

Squawk codes:

• Uncontrolled VFR SQ: 7000
• Uncontrolled IFR SQ: 2000
• International flights/flights over flying LKAA-FIR SQ: 14xx (by ATC)
• Domestic flights SQ: 33xx (by ATC)
• Military traffic, controlled VFR in military airspaces SQ: 70xx (by ATC)
• Search and rescue flights: 0041 (0042-0044 by ATC)
• Primary rescue flights: 0045 (0046-0047 by ATC)

Altimeter setting:

Above TA, flight levels (on standard setting 1013hPa) are used.

Below TL, altitude AMSL (on QNH) is used. QFE is provided only on request.

Default TA is 5000ft, TL is set by ATC depending on local QNH.

ATC service

Enroute

• IFR and VFR above FL95 - two sectors ACC (LKAA_E_CTR 127,125 and LKAA_W_CTR 120,275) - if only LKAA_E_CTR is online then it covers whole FIR
• VFR below FL95 - LKAA_FSS 126.1 - information service for uncontrolled VFR (if online)
• Military - LKAA_M_CTR - information service for uncontrolled VFR and OAT flights (if online)

Aerodromes

• LKPR - IFR+VFR - DEL, GND, TWR, APP, F_APP, DEP
• other IFR aerodromes - IFR+VFR - TWRs, APPs
• LKLN - VFR - TWR
• other VFR aerodromes - VFR - I_TWR (provides Aerodrome Flight Information Service - AFIS only)

Airspace structure

ATS Routes

All ATS routes except airway W32 are RNAV.

Lower airspace ATS routes have no prefix and they are up to FL240.

Upper airspace airways are marked with U prefix and they are at FL250 and above.

There are no helicopter or supersonic airways.

It is not allowed to plan IFR flight DCT except following routes:

• LKPR - LKVO and return
• LKPR - LKKB and return
• LKKB - LKVO and return
• LKPR, LKKB, LKVO - LKPD, LKCV and return
• departures from LKKB and LKVO (60NM maximum DCT)
• departures and arrivals from/to LKCV, LKNA, LKPO (60NM maximum DCT)

Route restrictions

This paragraph contains simplified restrictions for online purposes.

Following routes are not permitted and can be only cleared by ATC:

• T48/UT48 - (DOMAL-LIBSI) - Not available for LKPR arrivals unless cleared by ATC - pilots should plan N871/UZ39 (DOMAL-DOBEN) instead
• L984/UL984 - (OKG-DONAD) - Not available for LKPR arrivals - pilots should plan UZ35/Z35 (TIPAM/RONIG-ODOMO-LOMKI) instead
• UZ608 - (ILNEK-NORKU) - Not available unless cleared by ATC - pilots should plan UL602 instead

Special procedures

• If station has _I_TWR in its callsign (example: LKRK_I_TWR - Rakovnik Information), it means, that there is not tower, but only AFIS (Aerodrome Flight Information Service) available. This station is providing information service only and can not issue clearance.
• If LKAA_FSS or LKAA_M_CTR is online, VFR flights in class E or G and on uncontrolled aerodromes where no AFIS is online should contact this station instead of LKAA_E/W_CTR. This station is providing information service only and can not issue clearance.